Cytochrome P450 forms play a major role in estrogen synthesis. During pregnancy, a unique interaction among cytochrome P450 forms in different organs is needed in order to synthesize the large quantities that are required. Hormone production increases dramatically during pregnancy and, at term, the pregnant woman produces 15-20mg of estradiol, 50-100 mg of estriol, and […]
Lactation refers to synthesis, secretion and ejection of milk. It consists of two processes milk secretion and milk ejection.
Milk secretion
Synthesis of milk by alveolar epithelium and its passage through the duct system is called milk secretion. This process has two phases initiation of milk secretion or lactogenesis and maintenance of milk secretion or galactopoiesis.
Development of mammary glands during pregnancy
During pregnancy, the mammary glands enlarge to a great extent and, there are marked changes in structure. During first half of pregnancy, the duct system develops further with appearance of many new alveoli. The gland secretes no milk now. During the second half, there is enormous growth of glandular tissues […]
Introduction
The presence of hCG can be determined by using immunological techniques. The immunological tests are based on double antigen antibody reaction. The most commonly performed immunological test is known as Gravindes test.
Introduction
The pregnancy test is a test to determine the presence of the human chorionic gonadotropin hormone in the urine of woman suspected for pregnancy. Biological tests are available to test the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin hormone in the urine of the pregnant woman.
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